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1.
Braz. j. oral sci ; 22: e237812, Jan.-Dec. 2023. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1443582

ABSTRACT

Aim: To investigate surveillance, biosafety, and education strategies of Brazilian oral health care workers (OHCWs) during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study covering OHCWs from a single multicenter research centre. A self-administered and validated online questionnaire was used for data collection, including the following variables: sociodemographic, medical history, biosafety, professional experience, surveillance, and education. Results: The sample consisted of 644 OHCWs (82.5% dentists, 13.2% dental assistants and 4.3% technicians), most without comorbidities (84.8%), from the public (51.7%) and private (48.3%) health systems, in 140 cities of a southern state. The most prominent measures of surveillance were waiting room distancing and visual alerts, symptom assessment, and availability of guidelines on COVID-19. Regarding biosafety measures, the lowest adherence was related to intraoral radiographs (2.7±1.4; 95%CI: 2.6­2.9), use of dental dams (2.1±1.4; 95%CI: 2.0­2.2), and availability of high-power suction systems (2.5±1.7; 95%CI: 2.3­2.6). Among OHCWs, 52.6% received guidance on measures to take during dental care in the workplace. Continuing education was mainly through documents from non-governmental health authorities (77.4%). Conclusion: Surveillance and biosafety measures were adopted, but activities that reduce the spread of aerosols had less adherence. These findings underscore the importance of considering dental practices, and surveillance and education strategies to formulate policies and relevant support to address health system challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. A coordinated action of permanent education by policymakers is necessary


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Containment of Biohazards , Dentists , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Dental Care Team , Public Health Dentistry , Education, Dental
2.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 35: e044, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1249379

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Qualitative approach about the implications that occur succeeding the premature loss teeth is still insufficient. This study aimed to understand the experience of early loss of deciduous teeth in children's lives, from the perspective of their caregivers. Qualitative case study included 52 caregivers of children from an outpatient service of a public university in the south of Brazil. Early loss of deciduous teeth to trauma or caries was identified through analysis of health records, and afterwards, semi-structured interviews were performed. Textual material was interpreted through the content analysis proposed by Bardin, supported by the ATLAS.ti software. The theoretical perspective of stigma was guided according to the principles of the phenomenology of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, centred on the experience of early loss of deciduous teeth as a historic-cultural expression of a social group. According to caregivers, premature loss of deciduous teeth due to trauma or decay brings functional limitations with chewing and speaking, and impairments related to social interaction with other children. The repercussions of missing teeth were not limited to the child's image, but also brought changes in families' daily lives. However, when early tooth loss was due to extraction because of pain and suffering, caregivers perceived the loss as 'commonplace' in children's lives. The understanding of how children see themselves without teeth in their social world for their caregivers, which also includes their family and friends, determines how much experiencing tooth loss affects their lives. Besides, caregivers' perceptions related to early loss of deciduous teeth should be included in strategies of oral health promotion programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Caregivers , Dental Caries , Tooth, Deciduous , Brazil , Oral Health
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(1): 169-180, ene. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-974797

ABSTRACT

Resumo Partindo da perspectiva teórica da fenomenologia, este artigo propôs-se a compreender as experiências de perda dentária em usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. A perda dentária foi identificada pela análise de prontuários odontológicos dos usuários adultos e idosos que acessaram o serviço de saúde bucal na Unidade de Saúde estudada. A partir desta identificação, entrevistas domiciliares individuais foram realizadas. A amostra foi intencional. Os dados foram interpretados pela análise de conteúdo, com apoio do software ATLAS.ti (Visual Qualitative Data Analysis). O estudo teve aprovação ética. Perder dentes foi uma experiência que expressou subjetividades, mostrando narrativas plurais, com destaque para a função social da boca. Para além do número de dentes perdidos, o entendimento do modo como as pessoas se percebiam sem esses dentes determinou o quanto a perda dentária afetou suas vidas. O uso de próteses agregou valor ao corpo, permitindo o restabelecimento do seu equilíbrio com o mundo. Estudos de abordagem qualitativa nos serviços de saúde devem ser considerados para o planejamento de ações que priorizem as necessidades percebidas pelas pessoas em seus territórios, buscando reduzir estigmas e desigualdades sociais.


Abstract From the theoretical perspective of phenomenology, this article seeks to understand the experiences of tooth loss in adult and elderly users of Primary Health Care in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Tooth loss was identified by the analysis of dental records of users that attended the oral health service at the Health Unit under study. Following this identification, individual household interviews were carried out. The sample was intentional. Data were interpreted by content analysis using the software ATLAS.ti (Visual Qualitative Data Analysis). The study had ethical approval. Losing teeth was an experience that expresses subjectivities, showing plural narratives and highlighting the social function of the mouth. Besides the number of missing teeth, the understanding of how people perceived themselves without their teeth determined how much tooth loss affected their lives. Wearing prostheses adds significance to individuals' perceptions of their body, restoring the balance between their body and the world. Qualitative approach studies in health services should be considered in order to plan interventions which prioritize people's individual needs in their own territories, thus reducing stigmas and social inequalities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Oral Health , Tooth Loss/epidemiology , Dental Prosthesis , Interviews as Topic , Social Stigma
4.
Pensar prát. (Impr.) ; 21(3): 634-644, jul.-set.2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-968172

ABSTRACT

A pesquisa teve por objetivo promover interpretações, com base em uma netnografia, a respeito das interações de nove jovens futebolistas brasileiros atuantes na Europa em seus perfis nas redes sociais (Facebook e Instagram), acompanhados ao longo de quatro meses. No texto, são destacados aspectos que se relacionam com a linguagem do campo futebolístico e que fazem referências a elementos da cultura brasileira. As considerações finais destacam que a tecnologia permite que eles se mantenham presentes no cotidiano da "vida real", mesmo a distância.


The research aimed to promote interpretations, based on a netnography, about the interactions of nine young Brazilian soccer players in Europe in their profiles on social media (Facebook and Instagram), followed during four months. In the text, aspects that are related to the language of the soccer field and that make references to elements of the Brazilian culture are highlighted. The final considerations emphasize that technology allows them to remain present in the daily life of "real life", even at a distance.


La investigación tuvo el objetivo de suscitar interpretaciones, con base en una netnografía, acerca de la intercomunicación de nueve jóvenes futbolistas brasileños, que actúan en Europa, en sus perfiles en las redes sociales (Facebook e Instagram). La intercomunicación de los jóvenes fue acompañada a lo largo de cuatro meses. En el texto, se destacan aspectos que se relacionan con el lenguaje del campo futbolístico y que hacen referencias a elementos de la cultura brasileña. Las consideraciones finales destacan que la tecnología les permite mantenerse presentes en el cotidiano de la "vida real", incluso a distancia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Soccer , Athletes , Social Networking , Anthropology, Cultural
5.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 26(2): 503-524, abr.-jun. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-789498

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo de caso de abordagem qualitativa propôs-se a analisar a autopercepção da saúde bucal em usuários da Atenção Primária de Porto Alegre que usam e/ou necessitam de prótese dentária. A coleta de dados aconteceu por meio da análise de prontuários odontológicos, diários de campo e entrevistas domiciliares semiestruturadas com 70 usuários do serviço de saúde nas faixas etárias de 15 a 19, 35 a 44 e 65 a 74 anos, que usam e/ou necessitam de prótese dentária (amostra intencional por saturação). Os relatos das entrevistas foram interpretados pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin com o apoio do software ATLAS.ti. A autopercepção positiva de saúde bucal foi percebida por adultos e idosos usuários de próteses bem adaptadas, que não machucavam a boca e não interferiam na mastigação, na fala e na comunicação. Houve grande valorização do uso de próteses pela possibilidade da reabilitação bucal. O desejo do uso de próteses esbarrou em seu alto custo e no acesso limitado a tal procedimento no serviço público do município. Essas informações permitem a análise do significado da saúde bucal para os usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, podendo ser utilizadas como uma ferramenta de avaliação complementar da necessidade de tratamento odontológico.


Abstract This qualitative study aimed to perceive the self-perception of oral health in users of Primary Care in Porto Alegre who use and/or need dental prosthesis. Data collection performed by odontology records analysis, field diaries and semi-structured home interviews with 70 health service users in age groups 15-19, 35-44 and 65-74 years who use and/or need dental prosthesis (intentional sample saturation). The reports of interviews were interpreted by Bardin thematic content analysis and ATLAS.ti software to support. The positive self-perception of oral health was perceived by adults and elderly who use well-fitting dental prosthesis that do not hurt the mouth and did not interfere in chewing, speech and communication. There was great appreciation of the use dental prosthesis for the possibility of oral rehabilitation. The desire of using dental prosthesis bumped in their high cost and limited access in the public service of the municipality. This information allows the analysis of the significance of oral health to Unified Health System users and can be used as a tool assessment need for dental treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Self Concept , Unified Health System , Oral Health , Dental Care , Dental Prosthesis/psychology , Dental Health Services , Mouth Rehabilitation , Primary Health Care , Brazil , Qualitative Research
6.
Motrivivência (Florianópolis) ; 26(43): 198-211, dez. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1460

ABSTRACT

Este texto, fruto das observações oriundas de "micro" etnografias realizadas durante estágio de doutorado em Madri, reflete sobre a fotografia, tomada por agentes sociais distintos, de desportistas e espaços desportivos na era digital. Considerando a profusão de imagens e a facilidade de difusão via internet, questiona implicações ético-morais da captura destas e os sentidos da produção, protagonismo e performances. Sugiro haver 'gosto de class' e 'habitus' a orientar estas práticas. A apropriação da imagem alheia (de ídolos e anônimos) e a exacerbação do individualismo caracterizam este 'ethos', cujo perigo reside no uso privado e na publicização inconsequente da vida alheia.


This text, the result of observations arising from "micro-ethnographies" performed during a Doctorate's training in Madrid , reflects about photography, taken by different social agents, of athletes and sportive areas in the digital era. Considering the wealth of images and easiness of dissemination through Internet, it questions the moral-ethical implications of taking these images and the meanings of production, protagonism and performance. I suggest there is 'class taste' and 'habitus' guiding these practices. The ownership of someone else's imagine (of idols and anonymous) and the exacerbation of individualism characterize this' ethos', which danger lies in the private use and in the inconsequential advertising of other people's lives.


Este texto, es resultado de las observaciones oriundas de las "micro" etnografías realizadas durante las prácticas del doctorado en Madrid, refleja sobre la fotografía, tomada por los diferentes agentes sociales, desde los deportistas y espacios deportivos en la era digital. Teniendo en cuenta la profusión de las imágenes y la facilidad de la difusión a través del internet, puso en duda implicaciones ético-morales de la captura de estas y los sentidos de la producción, protagonismo y rendimiento. Yo sugiro haber 'gusto por la clase' y 'habitus' para orientar a estas prácticas. La apropiación de la imagen ajena (de los ídolos y anónimos), y la exacerbación del individualismo caracterizan este 'ethos', cuyo peligro reside en el uso privado y en la publicización inconsecuente de la vida ajena.


Subject(s)
Physical Education and Training/ethics , Photography/ethics , Athletes , Social Media/ethics
7.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 98(2): 151-160, fev. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-614512

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é um dos principais fatores de risco cardiovascular afetando mais de um bilhão de pessoas. A baixa taxa de conhecimento da doença constitui uma das maiores dificuldades relacionadas à hipertensão. O rastreamento populacional para hipertensão é amplamente reconhecido como estratégia efetiva na detecção de casos novos, porém, até o momento, não se dispõe de nenhum instrumento que torne viável o rastreamento em massa da população. Objetivo: Avaliar a acurácia e a reprodutibilidade do Rastreômetro, um novo instrumento para o rastreamento de hipertensão arterial para agentes comunitários de saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal com amostra de 436 indivíduos atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família. A avaliação foi feita comparando-se os resultados de pressão arterial obtidos pelo método oscilométrico e a leitura do Rastreômetro realizada pelos agentes comunitários de saúde. Resultados: o Rastreômetro apresentou sensibilidade de 81,3 por cento e especificidade de 85,6 por cento quando avaliado em relação aos valores de pressão sistólica. O desempenho dos operadores influenciou os resultados do Rastreômetro de forma independente (p = 0,0001). O Rastreômetro apresentou reprodutibilidade substancial (Kendall’s W 0,71). Conclusão: O Rastreômetro, quando operado por agentes comunitários de saúde, apresentou boa sensibilidade, especificidade e reprodutibilidade, especialmente quando avaliados à luz dos valores de pressão sistólica, tendendo a confirmar esse novo instrumento como método de rastreamento para hipertensão arterial na atenção primária a saúde.


Background: Hypertension is one of the major cardiovascular risk factors affecting more than one billion people. The low awareness of the disease is one of the greatest difficulties related to hypertension. The population screening for hypertension is widely recognized as an effective strategy to detect new cases, but until now, there is no instrument that has become feasible for mass screening of the population. Objective: Evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the Rastreometer, a new instrument for the screening of hypertension for community health agents. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 436 individuals served by the Family Health Strategy. The evaluation was conducted comparing the results of blood pressure obtained by the oscillometric method and reading of the Rastreometer performed by community health agents. Results: The Rastreometer presented a sensitivity of 81.3 percent and a specificity of 85.6 percent when assessed in relation to the values of systolic pressure. The operators’ performance influenced the results of the Rastreometer independently (p = 0.0001). The Rastreometer showed substantial reproducibility (Kendall’s W 0.71). Conclusion: The Rastreometer, when operated by community health agents, showed good sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, especially when evaluated with the values of systolic pressure, tending to confirm this new instrument as a method of screening for hypertension in primary health care.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Pressure Determination/instrumentation , Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Oscillometry/methods , Sphygmomanometers , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Community Health Workers , Epidemiologic Methods , Sphygmomanometers/adverse effects , Sphygmomanometers/classification
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